African Journal of Food Science and Technology

Victoria Akin^* Section Packaging and Resource Management, University of Applied Sciences Campus Vienna, Vienna 1030, Austria
^*Corresponding Author:
Victoria Akin, Section Packaging and Resource Management, University of Applied Sciences Campus Vienna, Austria, Email: victoria.akin@fh-campuswien.ac.at

Received: 05-Jun-2023 Editor assigned: 06-Jun-2023 Reviewed: 19-Jun-2023 Revised: 21-Jun-2023 Published: 28-Jun-2023, DOI: http:/dx.doi.org/10.14303//ajfst.2023.027

The process of bringing food from the farm to the table involves many different steps, each of which plays a crucial role in ensuring that the food we eat is safe, nutritious, and enjoyable. Food processing and manufacturing are essential components of this process, and they rely on a combination of science and technology to produce highquality food products. Food processing refers to the various techniques used to transform raw ingredients into finished food products. This can include cleaning, cutting, cooking, freezing, canning, and packaging, among other things. The goal of food processing is to preserve the nutritional value of food while extending its shelf life and enhancing its taste, texture, and appearance (Castle, 1997).

Food manufacturing involves the large-scale production of food products using specialized equipment and processes. This includes everything from baking bread and pastries to making dairy products, snack foods, and beverages. Food manufacturing relies on the principles of food processing but is typically done on a much larger scale. The science behind food processing and manufacturing is complex and multifaceted. It involves an understanding of food chemistry, microbiology, food engineering, and sensory analysis, among other fields. By applying scientific principles to the process of food production, manufacturers can create products that are safe, nutritious, and enjoyable for consumers (Cooper & Tice1995).

One of the most important aspects of food processing and manufacturing is ensuring that food is safe to eat. Foodborne illnesses can have serious health consequences, and it is essential to take steps to prevent contamination and the growth of harmful bacteria. This involves implementing strict hygiene and sanitation practices, using safe ingredients, and carefully controlling the temperature and moisture levels during processing. Food processing and manufacturing also play a crucial role in preserving the nutritional value of food. Processing techniques such as blanching, steaming, and canning can help to preserve the vitamins and minerals in fruits and vegetables. Similarly, the use of fortification, such as adding vitamins and minerals to cereals and other products, can help to address nutrient deficiencies in populations. The science of food processing and manufacturing also plays a role in enhancing the taste, texture, and appearance of food. For example, the Maillard reaction, which occurs when proteins and sugars are heated (Ferrara et al., 2001).

Another sustainable packaging solution is the use of recycled materials. Recycled materials, such as paper and cardboard, can be used to make food packaging that is both recyclable and biodegradable. By using recycled materials, we can reduce the amount of waste that goes to landfills and minimize the environmental impact of producing new packaging. Innovative packaging designs are also making strides in sustainability (Hron, 2012).

Food safety has been a growing concern among European Union (EU) citizens over the last decades. Despite the fact that food has never been safer, consumers are considerably uncertain and increasingly critical about the safety of their food. The introduction of new principles, such as the primary responsibility of producers, traceability, risk analysis, the separation of risk assessment and risk management provided a more transparent, science-based system in Europe, which can help to restore consumers' lost confidence (Kim & Lee 2012).

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Citation: Akin V (2023). From Farm to Table: The Science Behind Food Processing and Manufacturing. AJFST: 027.