Short Communication
Signal Transduction Pathways Regulating Plant Growth, Development, and Stress Responses
Author(s): Keon Alvarez*
Signal transduction plays a pivotal role in regulating how plants perceive, process, and respond to environmental and developmental cues. Through a coordinated network of receptors, secondary messengers, protein kinases, and transcriptional regulators, signal transduction systems enable precise and rapid cellular responses. Recent advances in molecular biology have revealed how hormone signaling, calcium waves, reactive oxygen species, and phosphorylation cascades interact to shape plant physiology. These pathways help coordinate processes such as seed germination, root development, stomatal regulation, and defe.. View More»