Alphonsus Ogbonna Ogbuabor*, Kinsley Ogbonna Ugwu and Basil Ifeanyi Ugwu
Background: The burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) is increasing worldwide and. It is a leading cause. Due to lack of funds and poor healthcare system, Sub-Saharan Africa is the worst affected with Nigeria bearing the greatest burden for the region. A major factor underlying the development of complication in type 2 diabetes is poor glycemic control and coagulation activation. Objective: To determine the impact of gender on glycemic and coagulation control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: This was an observational cross sectional study involving 100 type 2 diabetic mellitus patients (50 males and 50 females) aged 40-80 years. The activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, and the International normalized ratio were determined by manual method using kits obtained from Fortress Diagnostic Ltd, UK. The fasting blood sugar and the two hour post prandial glucose level were determined by the glucose oxidase enzymatic method with commercial kits obtained from Biologo Co. Ltd, France while the glycated hemoglobin levels were determined by the Ion exchange chromatography method with reagents obtained from Fortress Diagnostic kits, UK. The fibrinogen, von willebrand factor antigen and D-dimer levels were determined by ELISA with kits obtained from Shanghai Huirui Chemical Technology Co. Ltd, China. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 (IBM Statistics, Armok, USA). Differences were determined by Student Test and One Way Analysis of Variance. Result were presented as mean + SD. and P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The glycated hemoglobin and von willebrand factor levels were significantly higher for the female subjects (11.33±2.20 and 28.27±5.43) compared to the males (7.21±2.26 and 17.77±4.62) (p=0.031 and 0.002 respectively). The activated partial thromboplastin time was significantly lower in the female subjects (32.46±3.41) compared to the males (38.91±2.23) (p=0.003). Conclusion: This findings suggest that females with T2DM have poorer glycemic and coagulation control compared to males.
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