Hounkpe PC, Ahounou E, Fatigba H, Soumonla D, Oke L
Introduction: Polytrauma accounts for a public health problem due to its frequency, major disabilities and the mortality it causes. 30% of deaths linked to polytrauma are preventable when the treatment is adequate. Objectives: To determine the factors favoring the mortality of polytrauma victims admitted to intensive care at the CNHU/HKM during the period from January 1, 2013 to July 31, 2017. Materials and methods: It was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study with retrospective data collection. It was conducted in the resuscitation department of the CNHU/HKM of Cotonou, from January 1, 2013 to July 31, 2017. All the cases of polytrauma hospitalized in resuscitation during the study period and whose records were complete, were included. We had studied: the frequency of polytrauma victims, the socio-demographic, clinical and paraclinical, therapeutic and progressive data, then the prognostic factors of the patients. Epi-info 7.1.5.0 software was used for analysis and data entry. Statistical analyses were performed using the Pearson chi2 test with a significance threshold for a p value ≤ 0.05. The confidence interval was set at 95%. Results: The frequency of polytrauma victims was 1.6%. The polytrauma patients were predominantly young male adult, on average 33.9 years old (sex ratio of 5.8), victim of a road traffic accident in 89.4% of the cases, associated with a TCE in 89.6% of the cases. The frequency of polytrauma victims was 1.6%. The polytrauma patients were predominantly young male adult, on average 33.9 years old (sex ratio of 5.8), victim of a road traffic accident in 89.4% of the cases, associated with a TCE in 89.6% of the cases. Conclusion: Polytrauma is less common in intensive care, but burdened with heavy morbidity and mortality. The modifiable factors responsible for preventable deaths in polytrauma patients are: Dysfunction of the prehospital health system, lack of organization in the management of polytrauma victims, limited technical platform and personnel, and a poor training of health workers.
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