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International Research Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

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Pharmacogenomics: The Genetic Blueprint for Tailored Therapy

Abstract

Elena Kovalenko

Pharmacogenomics is the study of how an individual’s genetic makeup influences their response to drugs. It bridges pharmacology and genomics to understand why certain medications are highly effective for some patients yet cause adverse effects or fail in others. Personalized medicine uses this genetic information to tailor drug therapy, aiming to maximize efficacy and minimize toxicity. The integration of pharmacogenomics into clinical practice has been accelerated by advances in sequencing technologies, bioinformatics, and big data analytics. This approach is reshaping therapeutic strategies across oncology, cardiology, psychiatry, and infectious diseases.

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