The protein known as cluster of differentiation 91 (CD91), also known as alpha-2-macroglobulin receptor (A2MR), apolipoprotein E receptor (APOER), or low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), forms a receptor in the plasma membrane of cells that participate in receptor-mediated endocytosis. The LRP1 gene in humans encodes the LRP1 protein. As a crucial signalling protein, LRP1 is also involved in a number of biological functions, including lipoprotein metabolism and cell motility, as well as disorders including cancer, atherosclerosis, and neurodegenerative illnesses (Therese et al., 2019). LRP1, a member of the LDLR family, is widely expressed in a variety of tissues, although it is most prevalent in neurons, hepatocytes, and vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). LRP1 is involved in numerous cellular and biological processes, including lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, protease degradation, platelet derived growth factor receptor regulation, integrin maturation and recycling, regulation of vascular tone, regulation of blood brain barrier permeability, cell growth, migration, inflammation, and apoptosis, as well as diseases like neurodegenerative diseases, at the molecular level. To explain, LRP1 primarily contributes to the regulation of protein activity by binding target proteins as a co-receptor and transporting them to the lysosome for destruction together with integral membrane proteins or adaptor proteins like uPA (Yunusa et al., 2018).
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