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Statistical Investigation of Groundwater system in Itakpe ar | 16721
International Research Journals

International Research Journal of Geology and Mining

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Statistical Investigation of Groundwater system in Itakpe area, Kogi state

Abstract

Akpah F.A, Ishaku J.M and Ameh E.G

Statistical investigation of groundwater system in Itakpe area was carried out. The objective of the present work is using the multivariate statistical techniques to obtain information about the ground water quality status of Itakpe area and the processes responsible for the modification of the groundwater chemistry. Analytical results of 17 groundwater samples indicate that the cations based on their mean values are in the order of abundance as Ca2+> Na+> K+>Mg2+> Mn2+> Fe2+ and Cl-> SO4 2- >HCO3 - > NO3 - for the anions. The principal component analysis indicates factors 1, 2 and 3 which account for 71.51% of the total variance. Factor 1 is interpreted as reverse cation exchange indicated by Ca-Cl facies. Factor 2 is ascribed to anthropogenic pollution while factor 3 is interpreted as mineral dissolution. Cluster analysis identified two clusters. Cluster 1 is interpreted as rock-water interaction or natural mineralization and cluster 2 is interpreted as anthropogenic pollution. A predictor model developed with five dominant chemical parameters of groundwater to perceive an estimation of TDS has been developed for the study area. The R square between TDS, Ca2+, Na+, Cl-, Mg2+ and EC of 1.00 indicates a perfect relationship, and therefore suggests a common source. Rock-water interaction diagrams suggest precipitation induced chemical weathering along with the dissolution of rock forming minerals as responsible for the modification of groundwater chemistry. It is recommended that regular groundwater quality will ensure the well-being of the ever-increasing population of the area.

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