Ramesh Kulkarni
Pharmacodynamics (PD) examines the biochemical and
physiological effects of drugs, as well as the mechanisms
by which they exert therapeutic or toxic actions. It
complements pharmacokinetics by focusing not on what
the body does to the drug, but on what the drug does to
the body. Core PD concepts include receptor binding,
dose–response relationships, and the therapeutic index.
PD insights are crucial in drug discovery, clinical practice,
and adverse event management. By understanding the
molecular targets of drugs, researchers can develop more
selective agents with fewer side effects.
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