Agbaje M. A, Nwoha P.U, Adekomi D. A, Olayode AA, Bamisi O.D
Introduction: Acetaminophen is a severe hepatotoxic drug. This study was undertaken to examine the protective and ameliorative effects of aqueous extr act of Sorghum Bicolor stem bark on acetaminophen induced hepatotoxicity in male albino rats. Materia ls and Methods: Thirty five adult wistar rats weigh ing 150 to 200g were randomized into seven groups of fi ve animals each. Group A (control) received 200mg/kg body weight (bw) of distilled water for 7d ays, Group B received 200mg/kg body weight aqueous extract of Sorghum bicolor stem bark for 7days, Group C received 300mg/kg bw p aracetamol for 1 day, Group D received 300mg/kg bw paracetamol for 1 day plus aqueous extract of Sorghum bicolor stem bark (200mg/kg bw) for 7 days, Group E receiv ed 300mg/kg bw paracetamol for 1 day plus silymarin (100mg/kg bw) for 7days, Group F receive d 200mg/kg bw aqueous extract of Sorghum bicolor stem bark for 7 days plus paracetamol (300mg/kg bw ) for 1 day and Group G received silymarin (100mg/kg bw) and paracetamol (300mg/kg bw). All s olutions were administered orally. At the end of the administration, animals were sacrificed under c hloroform anesthesia, blood samples collected via cardiac puncture. Paraffin sections of liver were s tained for histology using Hematoxylin and Eosin, a nd for histochemistry using Masson’s trichome, Gordon & Sweets, and Periodic Acid Schiff’s staining techniques. Results: Results from this study showed that there was congestion of hepatic portal triad, dilated sinusoids, and there was necrosis of hepato cytes nuclei in group C, compare with group A and group B, which showed normal liver architecture and hepatocytes, group D and G showed mild portal triad congestion, mild dilated sinusoids, presence of inflammatory cells, hepatocytes showed dysplastic changes, Group E an F showed mild portal triad congestion, mild dilated sinusoids, reduced inflammatory cells, and dysplastic changes of the h epatocytes. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that 300mg/kg bw of paracetamol was hepat otoxic, and Sorghum bicolor stem bark extract had ameliorative and protective effect on the Parac etamol-induced liver damage.
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