Aziz Koleilat Makassed University General Hospital, Lebanon
Microbiota is “the ecological community of commensal, symbiotic and pathogenic micro organisms that literally share our body space”. All of the bacteria that live inside the human gastrointestinal tract are referred to as the “microbiota”. The intestinal microbiota consists of more than 1000 species. The healthy microbiota has many functions within the gut(mainly in thecolon) as protecting against pathogens, participating in the intake of dietary nutrients, metabolizing certain drugs and carcinogens, influencing the absorption and distribution of fat, synthesis of certain vitamins [1]. Imbalances in the composition of this microbiota can cause intestinal dysfunctions with dysbiosis and chronic disease states. The discovery of antibiotics in the early 20th century had an enormous impact on modern medicine, dramatically reduced mortality associated with infections. However, the emergence of drug – resistant pathogens has occurred due to greater availability and inappropriate use of antibiotics in healthcare and agriculture and has become a global health concern. FMT approach has already been used for treating microbiome diseases such as Clostridium difficile associated pathologies, IBD and IBS.(Brandt LJ et al. 2012). The most impressive demonstration of efficacy comes from the first randomized controlled trial of FMT in CDI reported by (Nood et al.2013).In many aspects, FMT is simpler to perform than other organ transplants, without the need for immunological matching of donor and recipient or the need for immune suppression after the procedure. (Brandt L et al 2012 ).Most feacal donors have been healthy family members or spouses/significant partners who have common genetic and/or environmental factors. Following fecal microbial transplantation, the diversity of the gut microbiota is increased and microbial diversity stabilize.
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